Volcanic Activity Reports
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Apr 30 2024 at 01:21:45 UTCAnother high-level eruption started at Indonesia's Ruang volcano at 18:15 UTC on April 29, 2024 (01:15 LT, April 30), producing an ash column to an estimated height of about 19.2 km (63 000 feet) above sea level. Authorities raised the Alert Level to 4 and the Aviation Color Code to Red. This powerful eruption comes just 2 weeks after a similar eruption on April 16.
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Apr 29 2024 at 09:32:28 UTCThe Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Volcanic Complex in Chile was placed under a Yellow alert at 20:00 UTC on April 26, 2024. This decision followed observations of increased ground deformation linked to an active inflation zone, located 6 km (3.7 miles) west-northeast of the 2011 eruption site. Monitoring data have shown the highest deformation rates since measurements began, reaching up to 2.4 cm (0.95 inches) per month.
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Apr 29 2024 at 08:35:39 UTCVolcanic activity increased at Tonga's Tofua volcano at 09:56 LT on April 26, 2024, with very intense thermal emission detected by MIROVA.
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Apr 25 2024 at 06:08:00 UTCNew activity/unrest was reported for 5 volcanoes from April 17 - 23, 2024. During the same period, ongoing activity was reported for 18 volcanoes.
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Apr 24 2024 at 15:31:13 UTCOver the past three weeks, Kilauea volcano in Hawaii has exhibited increased seismic activity, with fluctuations in shallow and deep earthquakes at the summit. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory reports sustained low sulfur dioxide emissions and continuous monitoring due to this heightened state of unrest.
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Apr 24 2024 at 09:19:18 UTCThe ongoing eruption on Iceland's Reykjanes Peninsula, starting March 16, 2024, continues to pose a threat as lava from the Sundhnúkur crater row thickens near Grindavík. Extrusion rates have remained consistent at 3 - 4 m3/s (106 - 141 ft3/s), with new data anticipated to further assess the situation.
- Volcanoes Today, 1 May 2024: Santiaguito volcano, Fuego, Semeru, Ruang, Reventador, Sangay, Lewotobi, Nevado del Ruiz
May 1 2024 at 5:00 am EDT
- Sabancaya Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: INTERMITTENT EMISSIONS to 23000 ft (7000 m)
May 1 2024 at 4:45 am EDT
- Reventador Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: ONGOING VA EMS. to 15000 ft (4600 m)
May 1 2024 at 4:30 am EDT
- Santiaguito Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: NEW VA EMS. to 14000 ft (4300 m)
May 1 2024 at 4:15 am EDT
- Fuego Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: ONGOING VA EMS. to 16000 ft (4900 m)
May 1 2024 at 4:15 am EDT
- Semeru Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA TO UNKNOWN HEIGHT DETECTED BY GND SEISMIC ACTIVITY 01/0243Z
May 1 2024 at 4:00 am EDT
- Ruang Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: DISCRETE VA AT FL450/FL630 MOV W, VA TO FL080 MOV NW to 8000 ft (2400 m)
May 1 2024 at 1:45 am EDT
- Sangay Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: ONGOING VA EMS. to 21000 ft (6400 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 11:30 pm EDT
- Nevado del Ruiz Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: NEW VA EMS
Apr 30 2024 at 7:30 pm EDT
- Lewotobi Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA TO FL060 OBS FM GND AT 30/2200Z OBS VA DTG: 30/2310Z to 6000 ft (1800 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 7:30 pm EDT
- Ruang Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: DISCRETE VA AT FL400/FL630 MOV WNW, VA TO FL100 MOV SE to 10000 ft (3000 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 7:15 pm EDT
- Reventador Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA EMS CONT to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 5:15 pm EDT
- Sabancaya Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: continuous ash emissions to 22000 ft (6700 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
- Fuego Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA EMS CONT to 16000 ft (4900 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
- Volcanic activity worldwide 30 Apr 2024: Fuego volcano, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Ruang, Reventador, Po...
Apr 30 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
Lewotobi (Flores): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 7000 ft (2100 m) altitude or flight level 070 .
The full report is as follows: VA REPORTED TO FL070 MOV W/SW AT 30/1700Z OBS VA DTG:30/1720Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): (30 Apr) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140, .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL140, OBS AT 30/0000Z MOV W EST VA DTG:30/0150Z to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Ruang (Sulawesi & Sangihe Islands): The eruption last night at the volcano caused significant damage to several houses in the Tagulandang province. The paroxysmal episode was of such intensity that a ballistic radius of thrown lava bombs targeted residences at distances ranging between 3.8 and 4.8 km from the summit. Houses struck by lava bombs ignited immediately.
Large pyroclastic currents entered the sea, pushing aside the water and sinking into it.
... [read more]
...30 Apr:
After more than twelve days since the last paroxysm episode, the volcano showed another very dramatic activity last night.
At about 01:15 local time, a vulcanian-type explosion occurred from the summit, generating a grey ash plume towards the north. This could be considered as a precursor of the massive eruption, happening (highly likely) at the time of this update.
... [read more]
Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 18000 ft (5500 m) altitude or flight level 180 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS OBS to 18000 ft (5500 m)
Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 .
The full report is as follows: NEW VA EM OBS IN SAT. to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Poas (Costa Rica): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 10000 ft (3000 m) altitude or flight level 100 .
The full report is as follows: NEW VA EMS to 10000 ft (3000 m)
Sangay (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 18000 ft (5500 m) altitude or flight level 180 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS OBS to 18000 ft (5500 m)
Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 .
The full report is as follows: NEW VA EM OBS IN SAT. to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Sabancaya (Peru): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Buenos Aires warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 22000 ft (6700 m) altitude or flight level 220 and is moving at 10 kts in SE direction.
The full report is as follows: continuous ash emissions to 22000 ft (6700 m)
- Ruang volcano (Sulawesi & Sangihe Islands, Indonesia): homes hit by lava bombs from nearly 5 km distance from eruption
Apr 30 2024 at 3:33 pm EDT
The eruption last night at the volcano caused significant damage to several houses in the Tagulandang province. The paroxysmal episode was of such intensity that a ballistic radius of thrown lava bombs targeted residences at distances ranging between 3.8 and 4.8 km from the summit. Houses struck by lava bombs ignited immediately.
Large pyroclastic currents entered the sea, pushing aside the water and sinking into it.
Puluhan rumah di Tagulandang Sulawesi Utara rusak akibat terdampak erupsi Gunung Api RUANG. rerata kerusakan akibat tekena material batuan erupsi gunung api RUANG.cc: @johnseach @MKelko @volcanodiscover @Volcanologist @SmithsonianGVP pic.twitter.com/bL5WzfFyQb
— INFOMITIGASI (@infomitigasi) April 30, 2024
Rumah dinas SMP Negeri 1 Tagulandang di Pulau Ruang terkena material panas erupsi gunung api RUANG pagi hari ini. mengakibatkan bangunan tersebut rusak dan mulai terbakar. 30/04/2024cc: @johnseach @MKelko @Volcanologist @volcanodiscover @fathialz pic.twitter.com/Sy5qRdDAEl
— INFOMITIGASI (@infomitigasi) April 30, 2024
The most powerful eruption of the Ruang #volcano in Indonesia (30.04.2024). Dear #People❗ Catastrophic changes are happening on earth right now! Every person on the planet needs to know the TRUTH about the true causes of #climatechange pic.twitter.com/9nC55Q8UMg
— Alex Terry (@AlexTerry333) April 30, 2024
- Poas Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: NEW VA EMS to 10000 ft (3000 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 2:15 pm EDT
- Lewotobi Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA REPORTED TO FL070 MOV W/SW AT 30/1700Z OBS VA DTG: 30/1720Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 1:30 pm EDT
- Ruang Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: DISCRETE VA TO FL630 MOV W, CONTINUOUS VA TO FL100 MOV SE to 10000 ft (3000 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 12:30 pm EDT
- Sangay Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA EMS OBS to 18000 ft (5500 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 12:00 pm EDT
- Popocatépetl Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA EMS OBS to 18000 ft (5500 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 11:45 am EDT
- Sabancaya Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: continuous ash emissions to 22000 ft (6700 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 10:30 am EDT
- Ruang Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: DISCRETE VA TO FL630 MOV W, CONTINUOUS VA TO FL100 MOV SE to 10000 ft (3000 m)
Apr 30 2024 at 6:30 am EDT
- Ruang volcano (Sulawesi & Sangihe Islands, Indonesia): spectacular paroxysm last night, tall lava fountains, significant pyroclastic flows, ash to 5,8 km and volcanic lightning
Apr 29 2024 at 11:27 pm EDT
After more than twelve days since the last paroxysm episode, the volcano showed another very dramatic activity last night.
At about 01:15 local time, a vulcanian-type explosion occurred from the summit, generating a grey ash plume towards the north. This could be considered as a precursor of the massive eruption, happening (highly likely) at the time of this update.
At 02:35 local time, impressive incandescent lava fountains started to shoot into the sky. Continuous lava jets have been surpassing several hundreds of meters above the crater, towering pillars of glowing lava bombs and maybe even blocks have been landing onto the entire edifice and causing glowing avalanches. Some of pyroclastic material, visible in videos, falls outside the frame border, meaning that it reached considerable distances (greater than 2 km likely). Such high-magnitude explosive episode is known as paroxysm.
The lava-fountaining episode has been associated with a huge copious grey ash emissions, rising approx. 5 km above the edifice (at an altitude of 5,750 meters) in the eastern and southern direction. Given the height of the volcano (725 meters), the massive ash column covered nearly the entire edifice, obscuring it from view.
It also generated massive and dilute gravity-driven mass flows, known as pyroclastic flows, which poured down in all directions along the flanks towards the base perimeter, ultimately sinking into the sea.
The event has been accompanied by a magnificent volcanic lightning episode, often called “dirty thunderstorms.” These “dirty thunderstorms” are a dramatic form of static electricity release.
Lightning occurs when oppositely charged particles such as fragmented pieces of lava or ash grains collide with one another. Lightning happens more often closer to the vent. Like in regular thunderstorms, ice can enhance the electrification of larger eruptions that produce large-scale plume lightning. Ice can be present in colder climates or in clouds interacting with a volcanic plume. About the volcanic lightning phase, almost 16,000 instances of lightning have been detected within the eruption plume.
In order to mitigate the current risk, people are advised to avoid the area within approximately 6 km of the main crater.
Gunung Ruang meletus/erupsi kembali semalam jam 02:30 wita kali ini dahsyat sekali#gunungruang #sulawesiutara #erupsigunungmerapi #pulautagulandang #gunungmeletus #nangisbgt #FYP pic.twitter.com/ZBGKtAzhtN
— Olipkyungsoo(@olipkyungs) April 30, 2024
Abu Vulkanik lepasan erupsi Gunung Api RUANG yang terjadi pada Hari Selasa, 30 April 2024 membuat wilayah Manado menjadi Gelap pagi ini karena tertutup awan debu Vulkanik. cc: @johnseach @MKelko @fathialz https://t.co/q4odLARGjQ pic.twitter.com/rFkYU5j4Ss
— INFOMITIGASI (@infomitigasi) April 30, 2024
Gunung Ruang pagi ini, 30 April 2024 pic.twitter.com/wyEX31Z8Pj
— Berita Sulawesi Utara (@NewsTomohon) April 30, 2024
Gunung ruang di tagulandang Sulawesi Utara, kembali erupsi besar tadi pukul 02.30 wita#gunungruangerupsi #30april2024 pic.twitter.com/baBls6E7h5
— saselahrajalonts (@IcalNurba51757) April 29, 2024
Looks like Gunung Ruang has been undergoing a significant eruption since about 1840 UTC, with a much more lightning-filled plume than the one a couple weeks ago.Over 16,000 lightning events detected in the Ruang plume since 1841 UTC. pic.twitter.com/foP98VLyRt
— Chris Vagasky (@COweatherman) April 29, 2024
- Volcanic activity worldwide 29 Apr 2024: Fuego volcano, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Shiveluch, Ruang, Ibu...
Apr 29 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
Shiveluch (Kamchatka): (29 Apr) An elevated seismic activity began to occur at the volcano on 24 April.
Seismic networks at Sorokina and Baydarnaya detected an increased number of earthquakes beneath the Karan dome area. The activity gradually intensified, and in the night, from 24 to 25 April, the eruption commenced.
... [read more]
Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 10000 ft (3000 m) altitude or flight level 100 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL100 MOV W, REPORTED AT 29/1237Z EST VA DTG:29/1250Z to 10000 ft (3000 m)
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140, .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL140, OBS AT 29/1920Z MOV W OBS VA DTG:29/1940Z to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Ruang (Sulawesi & Sangihe Islands): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: VA REPORTED TO FL410 AT 29/1715Z EST VA DTG:29/1750Z
Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA EMS HAS DISP
Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: LGT VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Poas (Costa Rica): (28 Apr) Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: MNR VA EMS
Sangay (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 23000 ft (7000 m) altitude or flight level 230 and is moving at 10 kts in SW direction.
The full report is as follows: VA EMS OBS to 23000 ft (7000 m)
Reventador (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA NOT OBS.
Sabancaya (Peru): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Buenos Aires warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 26000 ft (7900 m) altitude or flight level 260 and is moving at 10 kts in E direction.
The full report is as follows: INTERMITTENT PUFFS to 26000 ft (7900 m)
Puyehue-Cordón Caulle (Central Chile and Argentina): (29 Apr) The Argentine Mining Geological Service (SEGEMAR) reported that the alert status for the volcanic complex has been elevated to YELLOW on 26 April due to an increased ground deformation.
Based on data collected from GNSS stations near the volcanic complex and analysis of RADAR satellite images using InSAR technology, an active inflation zone has been identified since 2012. Its maximum deformation is approximately 6 km west-northeast of the emission center linked to the 2011 eruption. Vertical rise rates have increased during the initial months of this year, peaking at an average of 2.4 cm per month, the highest rates recorded since monitoring began. The accumulated vertical displacement at the GNSS station located 3 km from the maximum inflation zone now stands at 42 cm.
... [read more]
Volcano Activity Summary for 29 Apr 2024:
- Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcano (Central Chile and Argentina): alert status raised to Yellow
Apr 28 2024 at 11:22 pm EDT
The Argentine Mining Geological Service (SEGEMAR) reported that the alert status for the volcanic complex has been elevated to YELLOW on 26 April due to an increased ground deformation.
Based on data collected from GNSS stations near the volcanic complex and analysis of RADAR satellite images using InSAR technology, an active inflation zone has been identified since 2012. Its maximum deformation is approximately 6 km west-northeast of the emission center linked to the 2011 eruption. Vertical rise rates have increased during the initial months of this year, peaking at an average of 2.4 cm per month, the highest rates recorded since monitoring began. The accumulated vertical displacement at the GNSS station located 3 km from the maximum inflation zone now stands at 42 cm.
Moreover, since mid-2020, there has been a rise in high-magnitude volcano-tectonic (VT) and hybrid (HB) seismic activity (M≥3.0), primarily linked to a surface source near the 2011 eruption center. However, the seismic activity related to internal fluid movement within the volcano remains low.
Simultaneously, gas emissions and surface areas registering temperatures close to 90°C have been observed in the vicinity of the emission point of the 2011 eruption. These phenomena are likely associated with the presence of a shallow magmatic body left over from the previous eruption.
Source: Argentine Mining Geological Service volcano activity update 29 April 2024
- Shiveluch volcano (Kamchatka): increased seismic activity at Karan dome
Apr 28 2024 at 11:09 pm EDT
An elevated seismic activity began to occur at the volcano on 24 April.
Seismic networks at Sorokina and Baydarnaya detected an increased number of earthquakes beneath the Karan dome area. The activity gradually intensified, and in the night, from 24 to 25 April, the eruption commenced.
The current conditions in the Shiveluch region are experiencing severe weather, characterized by strong winds and heavy snowfall. The entire area is obscured by thick clouds.
Source: volkstat.ru volcano activity update 29 April 2024
- Volcanic activity worldwide 28 Apr 2024: Fuego volcano, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Shiveluch, Ibu, Dukon...
Apr 28 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
Shiveluch (Kamchatka): (28 Apr) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Tokyo warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 and is moving at 15 kts in N direction.
The full report is as follows: VA AT 20240428/0010Z FL150 EXTD N OBS VA DTG:28/0010Z to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): (28 Apr) The eruptive activity continues.
The volcano's behavior is characterized by a combination of near-constant moderate and sporadic strong vulcanian-type explosions from the caldera's cinder cone over the past several weeks.
... [read more]
Lewotobi (Flores): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: GROUND REPORT OF ERUPTION WITH VA TO FL060 MOV SW
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140, and is moving at 10 kts in W direction.
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL140, LAST REPORTED AT 28/1735Z MOV SW to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Dukono (Halmahera): (28 Apr) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 7000 ft (2100 m) altitude or flight level 070 .
The full report is as follows: CONTINUOUS VA TO FL070 MOV W OBS VA DTG:28/0040Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
Tofua (Tonga Islands): (28 Apr) A new eruption commenced at the volcano's caldera.
The latest Sentinel-2 satellite image revealed a strong thermal anomaly from the northernmost cone, Lofia, on 26 April. This might represent a new batch of magma shifting inside the conduit at high levels.
... [read more]
Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 20000 ft (6100 m) altitude or flight level 200 .
The full report is as follows: INTMT LGT VA EMS to 20000 ft (6100 m)
Fuego (Guatemala): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: NO VA OBS
Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia): (27 Apr) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 20000 ft (6100 m) altitude or flight level 200 .
The full report is as follows: VA EM LKLY. to 20000 ft (6100 m)
Sangay (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: PSBL CONTG VA EMS.
Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: LGT VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Sabancaya (Peru): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Buenos Aires (VAAC) issued the following report: INT PUFF EMS
Volcano Activity Summary for 28 Apr 2024:
- Ibu volcano (Halmahera, Indonesia): above-average explosion sent ash up to 16,000 ft tonight
Apr 27 2024 at 11:54 pm EDT
The eruptive activity continues.
The volcano's behavior is characterized by a combination of near-constant moderate and sporadic strong vulcanian-type explosions from the caldera's cinder cone over the past several weeks.
A stronger-than-usual explosion took place from the volcano's cinder cone at 00:50 local time last night. A spectacular grey ash-laden plume reached up to 16,000 ft (4,800 m) altitude and extended towards the west.
The volcano observatory reported a seismic signal with a maximum amplitude of 28 mm and a duration of 206 seconds.
The continuing lava dome is actively growing as viscous magma continues to rise into it and form a faint glow on the top of the dome. Thus, it extrudes lava dome blocks into slowly advancing lava flow (so-called coulée) on the northern flank.
In order to mitigate risk, people are advised to avoid the area within a radius of 2 km and 3.5 km from the crater.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi volcano activity update 28 April 2024
- Tofua volcano (Tonga Islands): new thermal signal
Apr 27 2024 at 11:31 pm EDT
A new eruption commenced at the volcano's caldera.
The latest Sentinel-2 satellite image revealed a strong thermal anomaly from the northernmost cone, Lofia, on 26 April. This might represent a new batch of magma shifting inside the conduit at high levels.
No ash nor SO2 emissions have been reported yet.
Tofua volcano is the subaerial part of a large frequently active stratovolcano. It forms the 8 km wide circular Tofua Island, dominated by the 5 km wide caldera containing a freshwater lake at only 30 m above sea level and surrounded by steep 300 m cliffs. The largest and northernmost of the cones, Lofia, has a steep-sided crater that is 70 m wide and 120 m deep and has been the source of historical eruptions, first reported in the 18th century.
- Volcanic activity worldwide 27 Apr 2024: Fuego volcano, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Ibu, Reykjanes, Reven...
Apr 27 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
Reykjanes (Reykjanes peninsula (SW Iceland)): The ongoing increase of magma volume at the Svartsengi region is consistent with models predictions. The total amount of magma, added to the magma chamber since the eruption began on March 16, is now approaching 10 million cubic meters. Historically, magma influxes from the Svartsengi have occurred when the chamber has accumulated between 8 and 13 million cubic meters of magma since the last eruption.
Additionally, there's a possibility of a magma surge leading to new fissures opening outside the usual area between Stóra-Skógfell and Hagafell. However, this scenario is deemed less probable than others and would likely be accompanied by significant seismic activity and deformation, providing more advanced warning compared to previous eruptions.
... [read more]
Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: VA REPORTED TO FL150 MOV W AT 27/1537Z EST VA DTG:27/1600Z
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: REGULAR ONGOING VA EMISSIONS TO FL150 MOV SW
Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Mild explosive activity continues from the volcano. The Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington reported intermittent emissions of volcanic ash plumes.
The full report is as follows: sporadic emissions of volcanic ash
Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: PSBL VA CLDS. to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Sangay (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: OCNL EM
Reventador (Ecuador): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA NOT DETECTED
Sabancaya (Peru): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Buenos Aires warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 23000 ft (7000 m) altitude or flight level 230 .
The full report is as follows: continuous ash emissions to 23000 ft (7000 m)
Puyehue-Cordón Caulle (Central Chile and Argentina): (26 Apr) Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Buenos Aires (VAAC) issued the following report: NO ERUPTION
- Reykjanes volcano update: magma volume rises
Apr 27 2024 at 7:48 am EDT
The ongoing increase of magma volume at the Svartsengi region is consistent with models predictions. The total amount of magma, added to the magma chamber since the eruption began on March 16, is now approaching 10 million cubic meters. Historically, magma influxes from the Svartsengi have occurred when the chamber has accumulated between 8 and 13 million cubic meters of magma since the last eruption.
Additionally, there's a possibility of a magma surge leading to new fissures opening outside the usual area between Stóra-Skógfell and Hagafell. However, this scenario is deemed less probable than others and would likely be accompanied by significant seismic activity and deformation, providing more advanced warning compared to previous eruptions.
On Wednesday, April 24, experts from the Norwegian Meteorological Agency carried out measurements of gas emissions from the eruption. It is estimated at 6-9 kg/s of SO 2, but in the last measurement made two weeks ago, on April 12, the gas emission was estimated at 10-18 kg/s. There is no evidence that it is drawing gas emissions from the eruption. While the eruption continues, the flow of SO 2 can vary greatly from day to day (as the eruptions at Fagradalsfjall showed). There is still a risk of gas pollution in the area around the crater as well as in settlements on the Reykjanes Peninsula, and we advise people in the area to monitor the air quality and learn about the reaction to air pollution from the volcanic eruption.
The main crater continues to generate the constant spattering of incandescent, juvenile, and molten pyroclasts, feeding the open lava flow towards the south. The lava travels through the main lava tube system and becomes obscured from view as it progresses further south.
As the attached visualisation indicates, the lava has thickened along protective barriers to the east of Grindavík over the past few days.
- Volcanic activity worldwide 26 Apr 2024: Santiaguito volcano, Fuego, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Ibu, Duk...
Apr 26 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 13000 ft (4000 m) altitude or flight level 130 .
The full report is as follows: VA OBS TO FL130 MOV W AT 26/1040Z OBS VA DTG:26/1040Z to 13000 ft (4000 m)
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: VA REPORTED TO FL150 AT 25/2001Z MOV WSW OBS VA DTG:26/1640Z
Dukono (Halmahera): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 7000 ft (2100 m) altitude or flight level 070 .
The full report is as follows: VA OBS TO FL070 MOV W AT 26/1930Z OBS VA DTG:26/1930Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
...26 Apr:
The eruptive activity of the volcano resumes.
At about 17:00 local time yesterday, a vigorous explosion took place from the crater vent. A grey ash column released tephra material to an altitude of 2,600 meters towards the northwest.
... [read more]
Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA NOT OBSD
Santiaguito (Guatemala): (26 Apr) Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA NOT DETECTED
Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS CONT to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Sangay (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 19000 ft (5800 m) altitude or flight level 190 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS CONT to 19000 ft (5800 m)
Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: OCNL EM to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Sabancaya (Peru): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Buenos Aires warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 24000 ft (7300 m) altitude or flight level 240 and is moving at 15 kts in W direction.
The full report is as follows: INTERMITTENT EMISSION to 24000 ft (7300 m)
Volcano Activity Summary for 26 Apr 2024:
- Dukono volcano (Halmahera, Indonesia): vulcanian-sized explosions continue
Apr 25 2024 at 10:38 pm EDT
The eruptive activity of the volcano resumes.
At about 17:00 local time yesterday, a vigorous explosion took place from the crater vent. A grey ash column released tephra material to an altitude of 2,600 meters towards the northwest.
The PVMBG volcano observatory reported a seismic signal with a maximum amplitude of 21 mm and a duration of 47 seconds.
In order to mitigate risk, people are advised to avoid the area within a radius of 2 km from the crater.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi volcano activity update 26 April 2024
- Volcanic activity worldwide 25 Apr 2024: Santiaguito volcano, Fuego, Semeru, Shiveluch, Dukono, Reve...
Apr 25 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
Shiveluch (Kamchatka): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Tokyo (VAAC) issued the following report: VA IS NOT IDENTIFIABLE IN SATELLITE IMAGERY.
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: VA REPORTED TO FL150 AT 25/0134Z MOV S EST VA DTG:25/1640Z
Dukono (Halmahera): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 8000 ft (2400 m) altitude or flight level 080 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL080 OBS MOV NW OBS VA DTG:25/0840Z to 8000 ft (2400 m)
Santiaguito (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: NEW VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Fuego (Guatemala): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: VA EMS CONT
Sangay (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 19000 ft (5800 m) altitude or flight level 190 .
The full report is as follows: NEW VA EMS to 19000 ft (5800 m)
Reventador (Ecuador): (25 Apr) Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: NO RCNT VA EMS OBS
Sabancaya (Peru): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Buenos Aires warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 24000 ft (7300 m) altitude or flight level 240 and is moving at 20 kts in SW direction.
The full report is as follows: INTERMITTENT EMISSIONS to 24000 ft (7300 m)
Erta Ale (Danakil depression, Ethiopia): (25 Apr) We were given first-hand information from our expedition leader, geologist and local guide, Enku Mulugeta from VolcanoDiscovery Ethiopia, about an increased activity at the volcano over the past three days.
On 22 April, a significant lava overflow occurred from the southern pit crater, traveling towards the north. The molten lava has extended beyond the northern rim of the southern pit crater and covered a vast area of the northern pit crater.
A vigorous spattering, characterized by the ejecting of hot, plastic lava fragments, continues to be generated from a new, sizeable hornito. The hornito has been constructing over the past month, located somewhere in between the southern and northern pit crater.
- Erta Ale volcano (Danakil depression, Ethiopia) field report: new hornito has triggered lava overflow towards northern caldera
Apr 24 2024 at 11:20 pm EDT
We were given first-hand information from our expedition leader, geologist and local guide, Enku Mulugeta from VolcanoDiscovery Ethiopia, about an increased activity at the volcano over the past three days.
On 22 April, a significant lava overflow occurred from the southern pit crater, traveling towards the north. The molten lava has extended beyond the northern rim of the southern pit crater and covered a vast area of the northern pit crater.
A vigorous spattering, characterized by the ejecting of hot, plastic lava fragments, continues to be generated from a new, sizeable hornito. The hornito has been constructing over the past month, located somewhere in between the southern and northern pit crater.
- Volcanic activity worldwide 24 Apr 2024: Santiaguito volcano, Fuego, Klyuchevskoy, Semeru, Shiveluch...
Apr 24 2024 at 5:00 pm EDT
Reykjanes (Reykjanes peninsula (SW Iceland)): (24 Apr) The eruption continues without any significant change in the activity since the last update.
The main crater continues to generate the constant spattering of incandescent, juvenile, and molten pyroclasts, feeding the open lava flow towards the south. The lava travels through the main lava tube system and becomes obscured from view as it progresses further south.
... [read more]
Klyuchevskoy (Kamchatka): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Tokyo (VAAC) issued the following report: VA IS NOT IDENTIFIABLE IN SATELLITE IMAGERY.
Shiveluch (Kamchatka): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Tokyo (VAAC) issued the following report: VA IS NOT IDENTIFIABLE IN SATELLITE IMAGERY.
Ebeko (Paramushir Island): An increased thermal signal in the inner crater, identified in the satellite image today, indicates a new batch of magma in the volcano's feeder pipe, remaining at high levels.
Hence, explosions are referred to as magmatic in origin, i.e. driven by fresh magma material. Most of the eruptions from the volcano have been considered as phreatic, i.e. ejecta consists solely of old country rock, indicating interaction between water and heated conduit-rocks rather than magma itself.
The volcano continues to produce minor, sometimes strong vulcanian-type eruptions accompanied by ash plumes with an average altitude of 11,500 ft (3,500 m) over the past week. The spewed ash has been spread to the northwest-northeast and east of the volcano over the past week.
Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: DISCRETE VA REPORTED TO FL090 AT 24/0558Z EST VA DTG:24/1200Z
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: VA REPORTED TO FL140 AT 24/1605Z EST VA DTG:24/1640Z
Dukono (Halmahera): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 6000 ft (1800 m) altitude or flight level 060 .
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL060 OBS AT AT 24/1740Z MOV W OBS VA DTG:24/1840Z to 6000 ft (1800 m)
Santiaguito (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 13000 ft (4000 m) altitude or flight level 130 .
The full report is as follows: MORE FRQT VA EMS to 13000 ft (4000 m)
Fuego (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 17000 ft (5200 m) altitude or flight level 170 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS CONT to 17000 ft (5200 m)
Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: NEW VA EMS
Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS OBSD to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Sabancaya (Peru): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Buenos Aires warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 24000 ft (7300 m) altitude or flight level 240 .
The full report is as follows: continuous ash emissions to 24000 ft (7300 m)
Volcano Activity Summary for 24 Apr 2024:
- Sheveluch volcano (Central Kamchatka, Russia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 17 April-23 April 2024 (Continuing Activity)
Apr 24 2024 at 10:00 am EDT
KVERT reported that eruptive activity at Sheveluch continued during 11-18 April with a daily thermal anomaly identified in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2024. Report on Sheveluch. In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 17 April-23 April 2024. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Suwanosejima volcano (Ryukyu Islands, Japan) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 17 April-23 April 2024 (Continuing Activity)
Apr 24 2024 at 10:00 am EDT
JMA reported that eruptive activity at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 15-22 April. Crater incandescence was observed in webcam images nightly. No explosions were detected but ashfall was reported in Toshima village (3.5 km SSW); dates were not specified.
The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a 5-level scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 1.5 km away from the crater.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2024. Report on Suwanosejima. In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 17 April-23 April 2024. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 17 April-23 April 2024 (Continuing Activity)
Apr 24 2024 at 10:00 am EDT
INGV reported that eruptive activity continued at Stromboli during 15-21 April. Webcam images showed Strombolian activity at two vents in Area N (one at N1 and one at N2), within the upper part of the Sciara del Fuoco, and from three vents at S2 in Area C-S (South-Central Crater) in the crater terrace. Weather conditions and technical difficulties sometimes prevented observations.
At Area N, low- to medium-intensity explosive activity was observed from sectors N1 and N2 with the eruption of coarse material (bombs and lapilli) less than 80 m and 150 m above the vents, respectively. The average frequency of explosions from this area was 4-9 events per hour. At Area C-S, explosive activity at two vents in sector S2 ejected both coarse and fine material less than 150 m above the vent.
The average explosion rate was 2-10 events per hour.
Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2024. Report on Stromboli. In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 17 April-23 April 2024. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.